Real estate encompasses not only one’s primary residence but other real estates such as a vacation home or rental property. The ideal form of ownership varies depending on the type of real estate you own. Below, we take a look at different types of real estate and offer advice about the best form of ownership.
Owning Your Primary Residence
Because your primary residence receives special tax treatment, you should carefully consider how your home is owned. In some states, tenancy by the entirety offers married couples creditor protection from the creditors of one of the spouses (with a possible exception for federal tax liens) while still preserving relevant tax benefits. It also allows automatic transfer of ownership to the surviving spouse upon the death of the first spouse. Without court involvement. Transferring ownership of the primary residence to a joint revocable trust may also be an option if you live in a state that allows the tenancy of the entirety protection to transfer to the joint revocable trust. Ownership by the trust also means the real estate will not go through the lengthy, expensive, and public probate process. Instead, your real estate will be handled according to your wishes as specified in the trust document.
If you are single, owning property in your name allows you to take advantage of tax benefits for primary residences. Transferring ownership to a revocable living trust may also allow you the added benefit of avoiding probate. If asset protection is a major concern for you, then certain types of irrevocable trusts are best. However, the drawback is that it may require you to give up some control of the property.
The bankruptcy code may provide additional protections for a primary residence (e.g., your state may have a homestead exemption). However, in some states, transferring your primary residence to a trust may eliminate the homestead exemption. Because the trust, rather than you (the debtor), will be deemed the owner of the residence. If applicable, it is important you see an estate planning attorney before transferring your primary residence into a trust.
Vacation Home
For some families, their vacation home has not only high monetary value but also significant emotional value. Ownership of a vacation home by a trust or limited liability company (LLC) can be advantageous. Because it addresses two main priorities: ease of transfer to the next generation and asset protection.
With a trust or LLC, you establish the rules for the use and maintenance of your property. As well as designate what is to happen to the vacation home once you pass away. This can be a great solution if you want to ensure the vacation home stays in the family for generations. And with minimal family conflict.
An additional benefit of having an LLC own your vacation home is that it provides limited liability from outside claims. For instance, when judgment is entered against the LLC, the creditor is limited to the accounts or property owned by the LLC to satisfy the claims. Therefore cannot look at your personal accounts, property nor those of the other members. Also, if a judgment against you or another member for a claim unrelated to the LLC, it’s harder for a creditor to force a sale of the vacation home. This can be incredibly helpful if you wish to pass the vacation home on to the next generation without worrying about the individual financial situation of each new member.
Note: In some states, a single-member LLC does not have the same protection from your personal creditors. The rationale of these laws is that your creditors should be able to seek relief through your LLC interests to satisfy their claims. Because there are no other members to be negatively impacted by the seizure of money or property owned by the LLC.
If the vacation home has been in the family for many years, it is important to consult with us and your tax advisor. To ensure that transferring your vacation home to a trust or LLC will not increase your property taxes or other unintended consequences.
Rental Property
Since rental property is an income stream rather than a residence, asset protection is usually the primary concern. As an owner of rental property, you face a higher probability of lawsuits, because the occupants can change over time. Transferring ownership of the rental property to an LLC is a great option. If a renter gets injured on the property, sues the LLC, and obtains a judgment that exceeds the insurance you have, then the renter can seek satisfaction of the claims. But only from the accounts and property owned by the LLC. Not from your personal accounts and property or those of any other owners of the LLC.
In addition, ownership by the LLC may protect the rental property from your personal creditors. However, if you are forming a single-member LLC, it is important to have us check state laws to make sure creditor protection is available.